无花果品种幼苗淹水胁迫的生理响应与耐涝性评估

Physiological Responses and Tolerance Evaluation of Fig Cultivars to Waterlogging

为评估无花果耐涝性,以12个无花果品种扦插苗为材料,通过盆栽淹水方式探讨了完全淹水处理对叶片色素含量、抗氧化酶活性、活性氧代谢、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量、蛋白质含量以及叶绿素快速荧光特性等生理指标的影响。结果表明,淹水导致12个无花果品种叶片色素含量和可溶性蛋白含量显著低于对照,大部分品种叶片超氧阴离子产生速率、丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸含量显著高于对照,但不同品种变化幅度不同。另外,淹水胁迫影响无花果叶片叶绿素快速荧光特性,叶绿素快速荧光值(OJIP)、PSⅠ、PSⅡ反应中心活性和光合性能指数等多种参数变化均与品种耐涝性存在显著相关。根据品种涝害指数以及与其显著相关的生理指标,利用模糊聚类法进行分析,将102A、105A和121E划为耐涝性强品种,106A、113C、107B和112C划为耐涝性中强品种,101A、110C和114C为耐涝性较弱品种,117D和118D为不耐涝品种。

In order to evaluate the waterlogging tolerance of fig（Ficus carica Linn.）,potted-cuttings of 12 cultivars were used to compare the effects of waterlogging on leaf pigments,antioxidant enzyme activities,reactive oxygen metabolism,malonaldehyde（MDA）,proline,soluble protein content and the chlorophyll fast fluorescence characteristics under full flooding condition. The results showed that waterlogging significantly reduced the content of leaf pigment and soluble protein in all cultivars,but the superoxide anions,MDA and proline contents were significantly increased under the stress;Nevertheless,the amplitudes were different dependent upon cultivars. Furthermore,the leaf chlorophyll fast fluorescence characteristics,including prompt fluorescence of OJIP curves,PSⅠ and PSⅡ reaction center activities and photosynthetic capacity indexes of fig cultivars were significantly impaired by waterlogging stress,most of them were closely correlated with waterlogging tolerance. According to the leaf injury index and the correlated physiological parameters under waterlogging,the 12 cultivars were classified into four groups by fuzzy clustering of SPSS20 software,where 102 A,105A and 121 E were waterlogging tolerant,106 A,113C,107 B and 112 C were medium tolerant,101 A,110C and 114 C were weak tolerant,and 117 D and 118 D were sensitive cultivars.