复合钎料的研究进展

Research progress of composite fillers

以复合钎料进行钎焊,对于异种材料的钎焊,特别是陶瓷和金属的钎焊是一种很有潜力的方法。在传统钎料中加入一定比例的各种形态的高温合金、碳纤维和陶瓷颗粒作为增强相所制成的复合钎料,具有合适的热膨胀系数,可有效降低因母材热膨胀系数不同而导致的钎焊接头处的残余应力,同时可提高钎焊接头的综合性能。按照传统复合材料的分类方式,从增强相尺寸的角度将复合钎料分为微米级增强复合钎料和纳米级增强复合钎料,分析复合钎料的特点及研究现状。通过分析不同尺寸增强相复合钎料对钎焊接头组织和力学性能的影响可知:与微米级增强复合钎料相比,纳米级增强复合钎料具有更加均匀且良好的组织结构,并能获得更高的接头强度。目前,有关纳米级增强复合钎料钎焊的增强机理尚未得到充分的研究,将成为今后研究工作的重点。

Using composite filler is a very potential way to braze dissimilar material,especially braze metals with ceramics.The composite filler which is added varieties of high temperature alloy,carbon fiber and ceramic particles has a suitable coefficient of thermal expansion.The application of composite filler can release the residual stress caused by mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient in the brazing joints and improve the overall performance significantly.According to the traditional classification method of composite materials,the composite filler is divided into micron-reinforced composite filler and nano-reinforced composite filler,of which the feature and research status are discussed in this text.According to the influence of different size reinforced phases on microstructure and mechanical property of the brazing joints,nano-reinforced composite filler has more uniform and better structure compared with micron-reinforced composite filler,and higher joint strengh can be obtained by using it.However,the reinforced mechanism is still an open question,and will become the key area of the future research work.