汽车副仪表板本体总成的生命周期评价

Life Cycle Assessment of Vice Dashboard Assembly of Automobile

为了支持汽车整车及其关键零部件的绿色设计研发,以提高汽车产品的环境友好性、可再生利用性为目的,针对主要材料为改性聚丙烯(Polypropylene,PP)的两款汽车副仪表板进行了生命周期评价(Life Cycle Assessment,LCA)对比分析,采用GaBi 4软件对生产制造过程中的物料消耗、能源消耗以及对外排放进行统计分析,并利用CML2001方法评价了生产制造及回收过程中的环境影响。对比分析结果表明,A型汽车副仪表板较B型来说,在生产回收过程中,能耗、环境酸化和温室效应影响较严重,故优化现有的原材料制备工艺与成分含量,改良汽车副仪表板结构设计是减少环境影响的有效途径。

In order to support the sustainable design and development of the automotive key components for cleaner vehicles and for more renewable and environmentally friendly auto products, the paper conducted a LCA analysis on two types of automobile vice dashboards made of modified PP （polypropylene）. The GaBi 4 software was used for statistical analysis of material consumption, energy consumption and external emissions in the manufacturing process, and the CML2001 method was applied to evaluate the environmental impact in manufacturing and recycling processes. The results show that the manufacturing and recycling processes of Type A vice dashboard assembly consuine more energy, contribute more to environmental acidification and generate more greenhouse gases than those of Type B. Therefore, the effective ways to reduce environmental effects include refining the existing material fabrication technologies and improving the structural design of the vice dashboard assembly of automobile.