成虫饲养密度对梨小食心虫寿命及生殖力的影响

Influence of rearing density on longevity and fecundity of adult Grapholita molesta(Busck)

【目的】明确成虫饲养密度对梨小食心虫寿命及生殖力的影响,为梨小食心虫的室内继代饲养提供参考。【方法】利用室内继代饲养的梨小食心虫,在雌雄比1∶1条件下,分别设置5,10,15,20和25对5个饲养密度,较系统地观察雌雄虫寿命、产卵前期、产卵期、产卵量、后代孵化率等主要生物学参数并进行比较分析。【结果】饲养密度为15对时,雌成虫寿命显著低于其他饲养密度下的雌成虫寿命,雄成虫寿命显著高于其他饲养密度下的雄成虫寿命,雌成虫寿命极显著低于雄成虫。饲养密度为5对时,产卵前期显著高于其他饲养密度下的产卵前期,不同饲养密度梨小食心虫产卵期无显著差异。饲养密度为5对时,单雌产卵量显著低于饲养密度为10对、15对和25对下的单雌产卵量。在不同饲养密度下,梨小食心虫后代卵孵化率无显著差异,其单雌日产卵量均呈先增后减的趋势。饲养密度为10对、15对、25对时,其产卵高峰单雌日产卵量显著高于饲养密度为5对时的产卵高峰单雌日产卵量。回归分析表明,饲养密度(x)与总产卵量(y)之间的关系符合S型曲线方程。【结论】梨小食心虫成虫寿命因不同的饲养密度和性别而异,在500mL烧杯空间内,以饲养密度15对最佳。

[Objective] This study investigated the influence of rearing density on longevity and fecundity of adult Grapholita molesta （Busck） to provide theoretical reference for indoor mass rearing of oriental fruit moth. [Method] Five different densities, namely 5 （5 PM）, 10 （ 10 PM）, 15 （ 15 PM）, 20 （20 PM） and 25（25 PM） pairs of moths in a beaker with ratio of female to male of 1 ：1,were set for indoor rearing of oriental fruit moths. The main biological parameters including lifetime, pre-oviposition period, oviposition duration and number of eggs were investigated. [Result] The longevity of female moths in 15 PM was significantly shorter than others, while that of male moths was significantly longer than others. Male moths had extremely significantly longer longevity than female moths. The pre-oviposition period in 5 PM was significantly longer than others, but there was no significant difference in oviposition duration and egg hatching rate. The number of eggs laid by per females in 5 PM was significantly lower than that in 10 PM, 15 PM and 25 PM. The number of eggs laid by per female per day presented an increase followed by decrease tendency as the increase of density. The maximum numbers of eggs lay per female per day in 10 PM,15 PM,and 25 PM were significantly higher than that in 5 PM. The relationship between density （x） and total fecundity （y） was in accordance with curvilinear equation of S. [Conclusion] The longevities of adult G. molesta were different with different densities and genders. Too high or too low densities distinctively decreased the fecundity of G. molesta. The best density was 15 PM in 500 mL space.