双轮辙激励下多轴重型车辆动载特性仿真分析

Simulation analysis for multiaxial heavy vehicles' dynamic load characteristics under bilateral tracks' road excitation

为研究双轮辙激励下多轴重型车辆动载特性,采用有理函数功率谱密度的谐波叠加法模拟双轮辙激励的空间域随机路面,建立刚柔耦合的车辆整车虚拟样机,集成创建一个双轮辙激励的空间域路面车辆行驶动力学模型,仿真计算了车辆各轴两侧轮胎的法向作用力和车轮法向动载系数。结果表明,与单轮辙激励相比,双轮辙激励下得到的车辆各轴两侧车轮法向作用力的大小和变化规律均不相同,而且轮胎法向作用力最大值出现的位置也不同;不同车速下,车辆各轴两侧车轮的法向动载系数大小和变化规律完全不同,车辆前中轴的法向动载系数最小,中后、后轴的法向动载系数最大。研究结果可为精确计算多轴车辆轮胎动载荷,预测路面动态响应提供参考依据。

In order to study the dynamic load characteristics of multiaxial heavy vehicles under bilateral tracks’road excitation,the random road surface in spatial domain was simulated with the harmonic superposition method of rational function power spectral densities（PSDs）,and a rigid-flexible coupled virtual prototype vehicle was established.Then a ride dynamic model of a multiaxial heavy vehicle under bilateral tracks’spatial domain road excitation was built.The vehicle tire normal force and tire normal dynamic load coefficient were computed.Simulation results indicated that comparing with the single tracks’road excitation,the magnitudes and change laws of normal forces on the both sides of each axle’s tires under bilateral tracks’road excitation are different,and the maximum value of tire normal force appears at a different location;the magnitude and change law of normal dynamic load coefficient of each axle’s tires are completely different,at different driving speeds,the front-mid axle’s tire normal dynamic load coefficient is the minimum,the mid-rear axle’s and the rear axle’s tire normal dynamic load coefficients are the maximum.The study results provided a reference for the calculation of vehicle tire dynamic load and prediction of dynamic response of road surfaces.