中文理解的功能主义——洪堡特汉语思想的现代启示

On Functionalism in Understanding of Chinese: The Modern Inspiration of Humboldt's Thinking of Chinese

中文的功能主义和以欧洲语言为代表的形式主义的对立,是已知的人类语言类型中的根本对立。从这一视角看,洪堡特的汉语思想在当代汉语语法研究中富于启示。洪堡特对中西语言差异的二元知解、对中文思维和语言精神的深刻领会,有助于我们反思语言学在中国一个多世纪的"现代性叙事",从文化精神上重建中文的理论和范畴体系。

The opposition between functionalism in Chinese and formalism in other human languages represented by European languages is the basic one in known human language types. From this perspective,Wilhelm von Humboldt＇s thinking of Chinese is enlightening in his binary comprehending of the difference between Chinese language and European languages as well as in his deep understanding of both the mode of thinking and the national spirit in Chinese language,which contributes to our reflection on the ＂modernity narrative＂of Chinese linguistics within last more than one century and to our rebuilding of theoretical categories system of Chinese language in perspective of Chinese cultural spirit.