沿革地理学向历史地理学的变革——史念海先生的主要思想与实践

The Transformation from Evolutionary Geography to Historical Geography——Mr. Shi Nianhai's Main Ideas and Practice

上个世纪30年代以来,中国历史地理学经历了传统的沿革地理学向现代历史地理学的变革。历史地理学家史念海先生从这一过程中走来,并以其研究实践推动了这门学科的转变进程。30年代初,识沿革地理学,主要还是"乾嘉"崇拜和跟着当时的学人一起做;40年代日渐产生"困惑"和"意欲突破",并希望借助于几项具体研究加以探索,其中有些探索不是很成功,有些研究却已经部分地实现了对于以往传统的突破,最后于50年代以后逐步实现了在理论和实践两个方面的系统性转变。过去有些相关研究有一些不确或错误的观点,应结合史念海先生的思想和实践过程加以重新审视。

Since the 1930 s,Chinese historical geography went through a transformation from the traditional evolutionary geography to modern historical geography. Shi Nianhai,the historical geographer,experienced and advanced the course of transformation with his research practice. In the 1930 s,evolutionary geography carried on the worship for the style of the School of Qian Jia among the current scholars. In the 1940 s,with gradual accumulation of ＂puzzles＂and ＂desire to break through＂,some scholars hoped to explore a new approach with some specific studies,of which some explorations failed but others did realize a partial breakthrough of the past tradition. Finally,in the 1950 s,a systematic transformation was gradually actualized theoretically and practically. Those inaccurate and wrong views in relevant past studies should be re- examined under Mr. Shi Nianhai＇s ideas and practice.