中国教育史研究的“今史观”及其历史学意义

“The View of Modern History”in Studies of Chinese Educational History and Its Historical Significance

进入21世纪,中国教育史学科在经历了百年发展之后出现了许多困境,而要摆脱面临的困境,必须树立中国教育史研究的"今史观":一是重视近现代教育史实的研究,将中国近代教育历史、现代教育历史与当前教育现实问题紧密联系起来;二是要以现实中的教育问题为出发点,发现当前教育改革与发展中的热点和难点问题,然后用历史的视野和维度、史学的思维和方法研究现实问题;三是在方法论上借鉴教育现象学的一些理论观点,实现研究主体的多元化、研究对象的多层化和研究方法的多样化,使中国教育史研究更加关注当代中国社会已经发生或正在发生的教育实践活动,注重发挥对教育改革与发展的服务功能。这是中国教育史学科走出困境的一条有效路径。

The discipline of Chinese Educational history boasts of a history of more than one century since its establishment. However,when the 21 st century ushered in,the discipline has been faced with daily-increasing crises. To get rid of the current dilemma,＂a view of modern history＂of studies of Chinese educational history must be established. First of all,attention should be paid to studies of historical events in modern education in China,associating modern and contemporary educational histories with current realistic problems in Chinese education. Next,based on realistic problems in education,attempt should be made to seek the hot and troublesome issues in educational reform and development and then investigate them in terms of historical view,dimension,mind and method. Finally,some theoretical views of educational phenomenology can be referred to methodologically to make research subjects multi-variant,research objects hierarchic and research methods diverse so that studies of Chinese educational history may pay more attention to educational practices that occurred and are occurring in Chinese society and to displaying service function of educational reform and development. All in all,this offers an effective path for the discipline of Chinese educational history to get out of the dilemma.