精确制导武器天基路径规划平台概念研究

Conceptual Study of Space-based Attacking Path Planning Platform for Precision Guided Weapon

美国提出了C4KISR的作战概念,将K(Kill,杀伤、摧毁能力)嵌入C4ISR系统(一体化指挥、控制、通信、计算机、情报、监视和侦察的信息系统,Command,Control,Communication,Computer,Information,Spy,Reconnaissance)之中,将传统的C4ISR系统与杀伤紧密结合起来,实现侦察/监视——决策——杀伤——打击评估过程的一体化,形成同步、连续、动态、有机统一的C4KISR过程,产生新的作战能力。为了实现C4KISR,在武器精确打击的基础上更应该重视武器在发射之后的可控性。例如使用2枚巡航导弹打击敌指挥所,在第一枚命中目标后,需要确定第二枚导弹飞行轨迹、打击方式和打击位置,即实现巡航导弹"人在回路"的可控攻击模式。此时应为巡航导弹提供战场态势感知、打击效果评估、武器攻击路径时时规划等保障支持,天基平台无疑是这种保障支持的最佳选择。本文从现有文献到的精确制导武器用天需求出发,提出了建立精确制导武器攻击路径规划天基平台的概念。该平台主要由战场侦察、打击效果评估、精确制导武器通讯链路和武器任务规划四大系统组成。最后初步分析了可承担攻击路径规划天基平台任务的飞行器类型和各自优缺点,给出需进一步解决的关键技术。

C4KISR is a new concept put forward on the basis of C4ISR for meeting the current operation requirements of the American Army, constituted a integrated System for reconnaissance decision damage and assessment. For the realization of C4KISR, more attention need be payed to the controllability of precision guided weapon. Supposing 2 cruise missiles attacking a command post, after the first missile hitting the target, the flight trajectory, attack mode and attack position should be ascertained for the second one, which would achieve a attack mode with man in the loop. Space-based platform is the best choice supporting to battlefield situation awareness, evaluation on hitting effect, and attacking path planning. By coneluding space requirement for precision guided weapon from literatures, a concept of space-based command platform is presented. The command platform is composed of four systems, battlefield reconnaissance, hitting effect evaluation, cation links of weapon, and attacking mission planning. Finally the aero craft kind are brought forward for space-based command platform, and strengths and weaknesses are analyzed.