广州地区2010—2012年腹泻患者博卡病毒流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of bocavirus in diarrhea patients in Guangzhou during 2010-2012

目的了解2010—2012年广州地区腹泻患者的人博卡病毒的流行特征、感染及致病特点。方法采集2010-2012年广州地区成人和儿童腹泻粪便标本,以Real-time PCR法对HBo V进行筛查,结合病例临床信息对其流行特征进行分析。结果 2010年1月—2012年12月期间,共收集1 537例感染腹泻的粪便样本,其中绝大部分为门急诊患者,男女比例1.96：1;1 537份样本经检测,博卡病毒阳性17例,总检出率1.11%;2010、2011、2012年HBo V感染阳性病例分别是2例、5例和10例,检出率分别为0.24%、1.44%和2.71%;夏秋冬季均有检出,夏季（6—7月份）为高发季节（6、7月份检出率分别为5.55%和5.19%）;17例阳性病例均为14岁以下婴幼儿及儿童,其中0.5-1岁龄组和3-14岁组发病率略高于其他年龄组,分别为2.58%和2.73%,但各年龄组间检出率无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;HBo V混合感染率较高,达23.53%,合并感染的主要病毒为轮状病毒。结论 2010—2012年广州地区腹泻症候群患者中存在博卡病毒感染,14岁以下儿童是主要感染人群,未发现成人感染病例;夏季较为高发季节;混合感染率较高,应予以重视。

Objectives To understand the epidemic features of human bocavirus（HBo V） and pathogenesischaracteristics in diarrhea patients in Guangzhou during 2010- 2012. Methods During 2010- 2012, stool samples fromdiarrhea adults and children patients in Guangzhou were collected, and HBo V positive cases ware screened by Real-time PCR.Epidemiology characteristics of HBo V were analyzed combined with screening results and clinical information from thecorresponding cases. Results From January 2010 to December 2012, totally 1 537 stool samples were collected, most ofwhich were from outpatient/ emergency cases, with the male/female ratio of 1.96：1. The 1 537 stool samples were screened byreal-time PCR for HBo V DNA and 17 were positive, with the total positive rate of 1.11%. Two,five and ten HBo V positivesamples were detected in 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively, with the positive rate of 0.24%, 1.44% and 2.71%. HBo V wasdetected in summer, autumn and winter, and the detection rate was highest in June and July with the positive rate of 5.55% and5.19% respectively. The 17 positive cases were children under 14 years old, and the detection rates in age group of 0.5-1 yearand 3-14 year were 2.58% and 2.73%, respectively,higher than other age groups, but there was no significant difference amongthe age groups（P〉0.05）. The mixed infection rate of HBo V with other diarrhea viruses was as high as 23.53%, mainlycoinfected with human rotavirus. Conclusion During 2010 to 2012, the infection rate of HBo V in diarrhea patients was1.11% in Guangzhou, and the main infected population is children under 14 years old, and no adult positive case was detected.The peak of HBo V infection appeared in summer（June to July）. The coinfection rate of HBo V is high.