韶关市婴儿麻疹抗体变化规律及母婴的相关性研究

Changes of levels of antibody to measles virus in babies and correlation of measles antibody levels of babies with that of mothers

目的了解韶关地区孕产妇和新生儿配对麻疹抗体水平及0-8月龄婴儿麻疹抗体水平变化情况,为降低小月龄婴儿的麻疹发病率提供科学依据。方法选取韶关市妇幼保健院和南雄市人民医院作为监测医院,孕妇在医院分娩后,1d内采集新生儿断脐后近体端脐带血及其母血各100份;采用随机抽样的方法随机抽取未患过麻疹也未注射麻疹减毒活疫苗的8月龄以下健康婴儿为监测对象,分为1-、2-、3-、4-、5-、6-、7-8月龄共7个组,每组采集50例标本,分离血清后采用ELISA法进行麻疹Ig G抗体测定。结果 2007—2014年韶关地区共计报告麻疹病例206例,年平均发病率0.81/10万,其中〈8月龄病例数72例,占34.95%。采集母婴配对标本各100份,母亲阳性标本89份,阳性率89.00%,新生儿阳性标本87份,阳性率87.00%,母亲与新生儿之间的阳性率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;0-1月龄婴儿共采集标本450份,经过检测阳性标本数202份,阳性率44.90%,随月龄增加抗体水平迅速下降（P〈0.05）。结论产妇麻疹抗体水平与新生儿麻疹抗体水平相关,胎传麻疹抗体随着年龄的增加迅速下降,初次麻疹疫苗免疫前基本失去保护作用。

objective To understand the levels of measles antibody in paired mothers and babies and the change ofantibody level in babies of 0-8 months. Methods Umbilical cord blood samples from 100 babies and blood samples from 100 mothers were collected in Shaoguan MCH Hospital and Nanxiong municipal People＇s Hospital,the designated monitoringhospitals1 d after delivery.Babies under 8 months without history of measles or history of measles vaccination were selected anddivided into 7 age groups（1 month-,2 months-,3 months-,4 months-,5 months-,6 months-,7-8months）each comprised50 babies,and sera were obtained from the babies and detected for measles Ig E antibody with ELISA method. Results In2007- 2014,a total of 206 measles cases were reported,with the average annual incidence rate of 0.81/100 000.Seventy-two cases were under 8 months accounted for 34.95% of the total cases.Among the100 paired mother and baby samples,89（89%）from the mothers and 87（87%）from babies were positive,the difference of positive rates between the mother andthe babies was not statistically significant（P〉0.05）; Among the 450 samples from babies of 0-1 month,202 were positiveand the positive rate was 44.90%. The level of antibody decreased rapidly with the increase of month age of the babies（test：χ2=192.59,P〈0.05）. Conclusion Measles antibody level in mothers was positively correlated with that in the babies. Measlesantibody in babies transferred from mother decreased rapidly with the increase of month age of the babies nearly losing itsprotective effect before the first dose of vaccine.