从三种韵图看止蟹合流的演化

On the Integration of Zhi and Xie Rhymes by Comparing Three Phonological Diagrams

语音史上,止摄和蟹摄曾经历了合流的过程,本文选取了不同时期的三部韵图作为研究对象,分别是《韵镜》、《切韵指掌图》和《重订司马温公等韵图经》,它们分别代表隋唐、北宋、明代的语音面貌。通过韵字的比照,研究止蟹两摄演化的过程,明确不同阶段变化的时间以及条件。止蟹合流完成,大概是在北宋末。原来的两摄开合四图,变成了三摄四呼,大概是在明末。止蟹合流,完成了演化的过程,大概是在清代。

In the history of Chinese phonology, zhi and xie rhymes underwent a process of integration. This paper selects three phonological diagrams of three different historical periods , namely, Yunjing, Qieyun Palm Diagram, Revised Simawengong Dengyun Tu Jing, as its research subject. These phonological diagrams respectively represent the phonology research results of Sui and Tang Dynasties, Northern Song and Ming Dynasties. By comparing phonological symbols and analyzing the process of the integration of zhi and xie rhymes, time and conditions of changes are determined. The completion of the integration of zhi and xie rhymes was at the end of North Song Dynasty, while the evolution of the integration of zhi and xie rhymes was completed in Qing Dynasty.