法律规范的事实还原与司法中法律知识的生成

Restoring the Facts in Legal Norms and the Generation of Legal Knowledge in Justice

司法的个案视角是对案件的裁判活动;而它整全的宏观视角,则是把个案的案情和事实代入到法律规范中,从而是法律规范的事实还原过程。在法律规范的事实还原中,倘若案件事实能够印证法律规范,即法律规范对案件事实具有妥适性与涵摄力,那么,法官在案件裁判中的创造性降低;反之,倘若案件事实无法印证法律规范,即法律规范对案件事实不具有妥适性与涵摄力,则意味着法官在案件裁判中的创造性增加。司法中法律知识的生产和生成,主要存在于后种情形。司法中法律知识的生产,在实质上是对立法之于社会事实之一阶命名的矫正或充实,因此,是对个案所代表的社会事实之二阶命名。

In the perspective of individual cases justice is the referee activity to the case. And in the whole perspective, justice means taking the case and facts into the legal norms, which is the process of restoring facts to legal norms. In the process of restoring fact to legal norms, if case facts can confirm legal norms, namely the legal norms have completed eligibility and culvert perturbation force to the case facts, therefore the judge in the case have lower creativity. Conversely, if the case facts cannot confirm legal norms, namely the legal norms do not have completed eligibility and culvert perturba- tion force to the case facts, which means the judge in the case have higher creativity. The generation of legal knowledge in justice mainly exists in the later case, essentially concerning the legislative correction and enrichment of naming of the first level to the social fact. Therefore, it is the naming of the second level of the case representing the social fact.