儿童支气管哮喘患者情绪障碍及其自我意识特征分析

Analysis on emotional disorder and self- consciousness characteristics of children with bronchial asthma

目的探讨儿童支气管哮喘的情绪障碍和自我意识特征,为防治患儿情绪障碍提供依据。方法通过对40例儿童哮喘和40例非儿童哮喘病例进行情绪障碍评定、人格特征评定、心境状态评定、自我意识评定,比较两组患儿的情绪状态、人格特征和自我意识。结果哮喘组的焦虑、抑郁、行为等情绪障碍得分均明显高于对照组(P<0.01);哮喘组的神经质、掩饰性得分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);哮喘组的抑郁-沮丧、愤怒-敌意、疲乏、迷惑-混乱等得分均明显高于对照组(P<0.01),而哮喘组的精力得分则明显低于对照组(P<0.01);哮喘组的行为、焦虑、合群、幸福与满足等得分均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论哮喘儿童普遍存在心理行为问题,情绪障碍较为严重,负性情绪较为明显,同时自我意识降低,临床治疗时应引起高度重视,从而达到儿童哮喘控制和管理的目的。

Objective To explore emotional disorder and self- consciousness characteristics of children with bronchial asthma,provide a basis for preventing and treating emotional disorder in children. Methods Through these evaluations of emotional disorder,personality characteristics,mental state,and self- consciousness conducted among 40 children with bronchial asthma（ asthma group） and 40 children without bronchial asthma（ control group）,emotional disorder,personality characteristics,and self- consciousness were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of anxiety,depression,and behavior in asthma group were statistically significantly higher than those in control group（ P〈0. 01）; the scores of nervousness and concealment in asthma group were statistically significantly higher than those in control group（ P〈0. 05）; the scores of depression- dispiritment,anger- hostility,lassitude,puzzle- confusion in asthma group were statistically significantly higher than those in control group（ P〈0. 01）,the score of vigour in asthma group was statistically significantly lower than that in control group（ P〈0. 01）; the scores of behavior,anxiety,gregarious,happiness,and satisfaction in asthma group were statistically significantly lower than those in control group（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion Children with asthma generally have psychological and behavioral problems,emotional disorder is severe,negative mood is obvious,and self- consciousness is low. More attention should be paid to the characteristics to achieve the purposes of controlling and managing asthma in children.