1950年《婚姻法》与华北农村婚姻制度的鼎革

"Marriage Law" of 1950 and the Reform of Rural Marriage System in North China

新中国成立前后,华北农村广大妇女自发地追求婚姻自由和男女平等,婚姻家庭纠纷呈井喷式爆发,乃至成为一个严重的社会问题。1950年颁布的《婚姻法》不仅是对新民主主义革命时期妇女反封建斗争的补课,也是一项具有前瞻性的战略行为;它在法律上构建了与传统婚姻制度迥异的现代婚姻制度,实现了妇女解放;同时,妇女解放带动了人们的价值观念、婚姻家庭乃至生活方式等方面的变化,推动了当代中国社会缓慢而巨大的变迁;尤其是改造了农民传统的婚姻家庭观念,构建了团结、民主、和睦的新型家庭关系,从而为社会主义改造和建设事业创造了有利的社会条件。

Before and after the founding of New China,the vast number of women in north China rural areas spontaneously pursued the freedom of marriage and equality between men and women and the disputes of marriage and family erupted in a blowout type which even became a serious social problem.The Promulgation of 'Mairiage Law' of 1950 not only made up a missed lesson to women's anti-feudal struggles,but also was a forward-looking strategic behavior.The law constructed modem marriage system which was different from the traditional marriage system and realized women's liberation.At the same time,the liberation of women led to changes in people 'svalues,marriage and family life styles and so on,promoted the slow and huge changes of contemporary Chinese society,especially transformed farmer's traditional concepts of marriage and family and built a united,democratic and harmonious relationship of the new family,which created favorable social conditions for the cause of the socialist transformation and construction.