基于生命期模型的无线传感器网络信道分配博弈算法

Channel allocation game algorithm based on lifetime model in wireless sensor network

针对无线传感器网络中节点因干扰过大导致重传能耗增加,进而节点过早失效、网络生命期缩短的问题,根据网络拓扑信息和路由信息设计节点的负载模型,从而构建了节点的生命期模型.然后利用博弈论将路径增益、交叉干扰和节点生命期等性能参数融入到效益函数中,构建信道分配博弈模型.理论分析证明该博弈模型存在纳什均衡.进而运用最佳回应策略,在所构建的信道分配博弈模型的基础上,设计了一种优化网络生命期的抗干扰信道分配算法.该算法使节点在选择信道时避免与网络中交叉干扰较大的节点和生命期较小的节点使用相同信道,实现干扰小、能耗低且均衡的信道选择.理论分析与仿真结果证明该算法最终能够快速地收敛到纳什均衡,且具有较小的信息复杂度,从而减小算法本身的通信能耗.同时,该算法具有良好的抗干扰性和信道均衡性,能够有效地延长网络生命期.

In wireless sensor network, the lager interference makes the data transmission failed, thus leading to data retrans- mission of nodes. This situation exacerbates the energy consumption of retransmission. As a result, some nodes will prematurely fail to work, thus reducing the network lifetime. In order to deal with the above issue, this paper takes full advantage of the topology and route information to design a novel load model of nodes. Then, a lifetime model of each node is constructed based on the load model. Subsequently, the path gain, intersecting interference and node lifetime are integrated into a utility function to construct a channel allocation game model called channel allocation based-game （CABG） by taking advantage of the game theory. The theoretical analysis proves the existence of the Nash Equilibrium of CABG. And then, using the best response dynamics, a channel allocation game algorithm for anti-interference and lifetime optimization （CAGLO） is established based on CABG. This algorithm CAGLO makes nodes avoid selecting the same channel as the large intersecting interference nodes and shorter-lifetime nodes in the process of channel selec- tion, thus realizing the channel selection with less interference, less and balanced energy consumption. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the algorithm CAGLO could converge to the Nash Equilibrium with a good convergence speed finally. And the algorithm CAGLO has less message complexity. As a result, the algorithm itself has less energy consumption of communication. At the same time, it has good characteristics of anti-interference, energy consumption equilibrium and channel equalization. The algorithm CAGLO proved in this paper prolongs the network lifetime effectively.