羊水量正常时胎儿肾发育不良的超声诊断及临床意义

The Clinical Significance of Fetal Renal Dysplasia Ultrasonic Diagnosis With Normal Amniotic Fluid Volume

目的：探讨羊水量正常时胎儿肾发育不良的超声诊断及临床意义。方法选取2012年3月～2014年3月于我院进行晚孕产前超声检查，发现的12例肾脏发育不良胎儿为研究对象。所有胎儿均于孕妇中晚孕期接受超声检查和随访调查，回顾性分析其临床检查结果。结果羊水量正常的12例肾发育不良胎儿中，单侧多囊肿肾发育不良6例，4例不合并其它异常，1例合并多囊肾，1例合并马蹄肾；2例单侧肾缺如，其中1例合并心脏实质性占位，1例不合并其它畸形；盆腔肾及马蹄肾各1例，生后超声证实；1例孕期诊断为单侧囊肿，引产后病理检验为双肾多发囊肿。结论产前超声检查可有效诊断胎儿肾脏异常，为临床诊疗提供充足决策信息，但是超声检查未能明确确诊的病症，需加强随访。

Objective To explore the diagnostic and clinical significance of fetal renal dysplasia during normal amniotic fluid volume. Methods Selected12 cases with renal dysplasia fetal of late pregnancy prenatal ultrasound examination as the research object from March 2012 to March 2014 in our hospital. All of the cases in pregnant women in late pregnancy received ultrasound examination and follow-up survey, retrospective analysis of the clinical examination results. Results 12 cases normal amniotic fluid volume of renal development in fetal adverse, unilateral polycystic kidney swelling and a total of 6 cases of dysplasia, 4 cases complicated with other abnormalities, and 1 case with polycystic kidney, 1 case with horseshoe kidney, 2 cases of unilateral renal agenesis, which 1 case complicated with heart essence of occupying, 1 cases complicated with other malformations, pelvic kidney and horseshoe kidney in 1 case, postnatal ultrasound confirmed; 1 cases pregnancy diagnosed with unilateral cysts and induction of labor after pathological examination for bilateral multiple renal cysts. Conclusion Prenatal ultrasound examination can effectively diagnose the abnormal fetal kidney, provide sufficient information for clinical diagnosis and treatment, but ultrasound examination failed to clearly diagnose the disease, need to strengthen follow-up.