G-四链体与配体相互作用的研究方法进展

Research Progresses on Methods for Studying The Interactions Between G-Quadruplex and Its Ligands

核酸的G-四链体结构在原核生物和真核生物的基因组中广泛存在,并参与基因复制和重组、端粒延伸、基因表达调控等多种重要的生物学过程.G-四链体与配体如Telomestatin、TMPy P4、BRACO-19、RHPS4等的相互作用研究有助于阐明其生物学功能.G-四链体与配体分子间的相互作用研究应用多种分析方法,如硫酸二甲酯印迹、凝胶迁移、聚合酶终止实验等生物化学法,而现代分析技术包含圆二色谱、荧光光谱、荧光共振能量转移、核磁共振、X-射线晶体衍射等光谱法,以及表面等离子体共振、电喷雾质谱和毛细管电泳法等.本文综述了可与G-四链体结合的配体以及G-四链体与配体相互作用的研究方法,并对各种方法进行了比较.

G-quadruplex structures of nucleic acids have been demonstrated to be widely existed in the genomes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes,meanwhile,involved in many biological processes,such as gene replication and recombination,telomere elongation,regulation of genetic expression,etc.Studying the interactions between G-quadruplex and ligands,such as Telomestatin,TMPy P4,BRACO-19,RHPS4,contributes to understand the roles of G-quadruplex and the corresponding mechanisms in biological processes.The research relies on a variety of analytical methods.Biochemical methods includes DMS footprinting,EMSA and DNA polymerase stop assay,and spectroscopy methods,such as circular dichroism,fluorescence spectrum,fluorescence resonance energy transfer,nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray crystal diffraction.In addition,surface plasma resonance,electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis are also included.This paper reviews the ligands targeting G-quadruplex and methods mentioned above for characterizing G-quadruplex＇s structures and interactions with ligands.