“文”“史”纷纭说浩然——以1960年代和《艳阳天》为中心

Analysis of Hao Ran in the Context of “Literature” and “History” Trends——To Center around 1960's and Sunny Days

迄今为止,有关浩然的研究仍然基本集中在他的命运和行止上,而不是集中在他的作品与文学思潮、社会历史之间互文关系的具体分析上。这是很不够的。以《艳阳天》为例,萧长春这样的"新英雄人物",不仅确实存在着许多内涵上的暧昧,并且也的确逊色于原型人物的丰富品质。1963至1965年大规模出现的"新英雄人物",与以前跃进时期的"新人"和现实主义深化时期的"中间人物"之间,其实已经有了刻意的区别。《艳阳天》里的农民生活,实际上体现了另一种与历史"记忆"之间的纠结关系。这一切,与浩然本人对历史的特殊理解和"改造"颇有关系。小说实际上隐喻着,作家可能遭遇了严峻的阐释困境。这些正是浩然的问题,也是当年集体主义文学的严重问题。

So far, studies about Hao Ran are still mainly concentrated on his destiny and behaviors, not on the concrete analysis of intertextual relations among his novels, the literary trend and the social history at the time, which is obviously not enough. Taking Sunny Days as an example, Xiao Changchun, a typical character of ＂the new heroes＂, presents some ambiguity in connotation and less rich in quality than the archetypal character. In 1963-1965, numerous ＂new heroes＂ emerged, who were intentionally different from the ＂the new people＂ in The Great Leap Forward and ＂the middle characters＂ in the period of ＂deepening realism＂. Farmers＇lifes in Sunny Days actually demonstrates some intertwining relations with the historical ＂memories＂. All of those are closely related to Hao＇ s special comprehension and ＂reformation＂ of history. Actually the novel is a subtle metaphor, which implies that the writer may suffer from serious predicaments of interpretation. These issues are Hao＇s own problems and also the serious problems of collectivism literature in that era.