少儿与老年人特发性突聋临床特征的比较

Clinical comparison of idiopathic sudden deafness in children and the elderly

目的:比较少儿与老年人特发性突聋的临床特征。方法:回顾性分析比较2009-12-2014-09期间诊断为特发性突聋的44例患儿与76例老年患者的临床特征。结果:2组极重度聋患者最多(少儿组26/44,59.1%;老年组32/76,42.1%),轻度听力损失最少(少儿组2/44,4.5%;老年组5/76,6.6%),2组听力损失程度比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组中全聋型听力曲线最多,上升型最少(P<0.05)。少儿组听力改善总疗效(27/44,61.4%)高于老年组(32/76,42.1%)(P<0.05),2组听力损失程度与疗效无关(P>0.05)。少儿组下降型曲线治疗总有效率最高,全聋型治疗总有效率最低,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。老年组各曲线型疗效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。少儿组下降型治疗总有效率高于老年组(P<0.05)。少儿组伴发耳鸣者与不伴发者突聋疗效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),老年组伴发耳鸣者疗效优于不伴发者(P<0.05)。少儿组伴发眩晕者与不伴发者突聋疗效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),老年组不伴发眩晕者疗效优于伴发者(P<0.05)。老年组对侧耳听力损失程度与突聋疗效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);伴发系统疾病与否与突聋疗效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:少儿与老年特发性突聋各有临床特征。

Objective： This retrospective study compared clinical manifestations of idiopathic sudden hearing loss between children and the elderly. Method：44 pediatric patients and 76 elderly patients diagnosed with idiopathic sudden deafness in our clinic from December 2009 to September 2014 were enrolled. Different clinical parameters were compared. Result：The incidence of initially profound hearing loss was highest and mild hearing loss was lowest in both groups（P〈0.05）. There were no differences in the proportion with initially mild, moderate, severe,and profound hearing loss between both groups （P〉0.05）. The number of patients was the most in initially profound type of audiogram pattern and the fewest in ascending type in both groups（P〈0.05）. Hearing recovery rates in children（27/44,61.4%） was higher than that in elderly patients（32/76,42.1%）（P〈0. 05）. There were no differences in hearing recovery rates of the patients with initially level of hearing loss in both groups （P〈0.05）. The highest recovery rate in children was in those with descending type and the lowest was in those with profound type（P〈0.05）. There were no differences in hearing recovery rates in elderly patients with initially different types of audiogram pattern （P〉0.05）. Hearing recovery rates of descending type in children were higher than that in elderly patients. Presence of tinnitus in pediatric patients was not relavent to the outcome （P〈0.05）. Presence of tinnitus in elderly patients was associated with favorable outcomes. （P〈0.05）. Presence of dizziness in pediatric patients was not relavent to the outcome （P〉0.05）. Presence of dizziness in elderly patients was associated with poor outcomes （P〈0.05）. Presence of initially different degrees of opposite side hearing loss in elderly patients was not relavent to the outcome （P〉0.05）. Presence of chronic diseases in elderly patients was not associated with the outcome （P〉 0.05）. Conclusion： The clinical manifestion of idiopathic sudden deafness is respective in Children and in elderly patients.