云南药用野生稻的高光效特性

High Photosynthetic Efficiency of Oryza officinalis Wall in Yunnan

云南药用野生稻由于原生境生态类型的多样性,在长期自然进化中形成了丰富的遗传多样性,具有许多优异性状,是改良和拓宽栽培稻遗传基础的宝贵基因资源。针对药用野生稻生长势强、生物量积累速率快的性状,对云南药用野生稻的光合特性进行了研究。结果发现,与其他两种野生稻和两种栽培稻相比,云南药用野生稻净光合速率较高,特别是羧化效率和光饱和点均为其余品种的2倍以上,具有高光效潜能,为发掘其中的高光效基因提供了依据。

Oryza officinalis wall is one of the three kinds of wild rice in China. The groups in Yunnan, due to the diversity of the original habitat ecological types, involved abundant genetic diversities and many excellent traits during long-term evolution, and is a pre-cious genetic source to improve and widen the genetic basis of cultivated rice. As to the traits of strong growth potential and great biomass accumulation of O. officinalis, the photosynthetic characteristics of the groups in Yunnan was studied. Compared with other two wild rice and two cultivated rice, the net photosynthetic rate of Yunnan O. officinalis is higher than that of the rest kinds of rice,especially the carboxylation efficiency and the light saturation point were 2 times more than others varieties. This indicated that O. officinalis in Yunnan has a potential of high photosynthetic efficiency, and this will give clues to explore the high photosynthetic effi-ciency genes from them.