高原鼢鼠内脏器官与海拔的相关性研究

Study on the Correlation between Visceral Organs of Plateau Zokor( Myospalax baileyi) and Altitude

小型哺乳动物内脏器官的质量和消化道长度具有高度可塑性,是其对环境适应的重要指标。本研究通过对高原鼢鼠内脏器官随海拔梯度变化的比较研究,旨在从形态结构方面来探讨高原鼢鼠对环境和低氧的适应机制。结果显示,雄性高原鼢鼠心脏湿重和干重、脾脏干重、肺干重、胃湿重和干重、盲肠湿重与海拔呈显著或极显著正相关,而肾湿重、大肠长度与海拔呈负相关;雌性高原鼢鼠心脏湿重和干重、肺脏湿重和干重、胃湿重、盲肠湿重、盲肠长度与海拔呈显著或极显著正相关,肝脏湿重和干重、脾脏干重、肾脏湿重和干重、大肠干重、大肠长度与海拔呈显著或极显著负相关;其他与海拔无显著相关性。研究结果表明,内脏器官与海拔的相关性体现出高原鼢鼠面对不同的生存环境、能量需求、氧气含量、外界病原体等因素做出的代偿性适应。

The weight of the internal organs and the length of the digestive tract of small mammals are plastic and can be used to approximately indicate the animal adapting to the environment. By comparing the change of internal organs of plateau zokor（ Myospalax baileyi） along the altitude gradient,the adaptability of plateau zokor to the environment was assessed on the basis of the morphology and structure. The result showed that the wet heart weight and dry heart weight,dry weight of spleen and lung,wet stomach weight and dry stomach weight,and wet cecum weight of male plateau zokor were significantly positive correlated with the altitude,however,the wet kidney weight,and length of large intestine were significantly negative correlated with the altitude. The fresh heart weight and dry heart weight,fresh weight and dry weight of the lungs,wet stomach weight,fresh cecum weight and cecum length of female plateau zokor were significantly positive correlated with the altitude,and the fresh weight and dry weight of liver,dry spleen weight,dry weight and fresh weight of kidney,and dry large intestine weight,and length of large intestine were significantly negative correlated with the altitude. Therefore,the correlation between the organ and elevation of plateau zokor indicated that this species adopted compensatory adaption against the different living environment,energy demand,oxygen content,and pathogens.