新新经济地理学视角下企业效率的影响机制

The Influencing Mechanism of Enterprise Productivity from the Perspective of ‘New' New Economic Geography

本文在新新经济地理学框架下,结合1999—2007年工业企业数据和城市年鉴数据,运用无条件分布特征-参数对应的计量方法,研究了集聚效应和选择效应对我国213个地级及地级以上城市8个制造业行业企业效率的影响。结果显示:集聚效应对于不同行业企业效率的影响存在差异。资本技术密集型行业在大城市拥有更强的集聚效应;劳动密集型行业在中小城市拥有更强的集聚效应。选择效应对企业效率的影响并不显著。这些结果说明,推动产业集聚,优化产业布局能提高企业效率;减少政府行政干预,加快市场化进程,则能发挥城市中市场优胜劣汰的选择机制,进而实现产业转型升级。

Under the framework of new new economic geography,this paper investigates how agglomeration effects and selection effects influence enterprise productivity of eight manufacturing industries in 213 cities of China by employing quantile-based inference of parametric transformations between two distributions econometric method with industrial enterprise data and municipal yearbook data from 1999 to 2007. Results show that,Firistly,agglomeration effects have different influence on enterprise productivity of different industries. Capital and technology intensive industry has stronger agglomeration effects in big cities,while labor-intensive industry has stronger agglomeration effects in small and mediumsize cities. However,selection effects don＇t have obvious influence on enterprise productivity. The conclusions provide important implications that promoting industrial agglomeration and optimizing industrial layout can help to increase enterprise productivity, while reducing governmental administrative intervention and accelerating the process of marketization can help to bring the survival of the fittest selection mechanism of urban market into play in order to realize the transformation and upgrading of industry.