2009—2014年1018例梅毒的流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of 1018 cases of syphilis from 2009 to 2014

目的分析2009—2014年1 018例梅毒流行病特征,为临床预防医学和疾病控制提供合理依据。方法收集2009年1月—2014年12月收治的梅毒患者1 018例。所有患者用凝集法（TPPA）筛查,阳性者进一步用胶体金再确认,两种方法阳性者再做TRUST检查。结果 2009—2014年梅毒发病数量呈现逐年上升,每年男性发病数分别为29、58、74、89、93、112例,女性分别为45、75、95、87、125、136例,总数分别为74、133、169、176、218和248例。18-40岁、60岁以上老年人是高发年龄段。共报告梅毒1 018例,男性455例,女性563例。年平均患病率为0.42%,由2009年的0.37%上升至2014年的0.45%,6年来总体呈逐年增长,2012年略有下降,随后又呈现缓慢上升趋势。隐性梅毒占41.75%,Ⅱ期梅毒占38.70%,Ⅰ期梅毒占15.42%,胎传梅毒占2.36%,Ⅲ期梅毒占1.77%。结论近6年梅毒发病数量逐年上升,应加大重点人群干预检测力度,以控制梅毒的传播,降低梅毒的发病率。

Objective Analysis of 1 018 cases of syphilis epidemic characteristics in 2009-2014,in order to provide reasonable basis for clinical preventive medicine and disease control. Methods The 1 018 cases of syphilis were collected from January 2009 to December 2014. All patients were treated with agglutination（ TPPA） screening. The positive person were confirmed by colloidal gold. All positive in these two methods were treated with TRUST check again. Results The incidence of syphilis had increased year by year in 2009-2014,The incidence of male were 29,58,74,89,93,112 cases each year. The females were 45,75,95,87,125 and 136 respectively. The total number were 74,133,169,176,218 and 248 cases respectively. The high-risk age group was 18-40 years old and over 60 years old. In 1 018 cases of syphilis,there were 455 male and 563 female. The annual average prevalence rate was 0. 42%,rising from 0. 37% in 2009 to0. 45% in 2014. The overall were annual growth of 6 years,decreased slightly in 2012,Then slowly upward trend. Recessive syphilis accounted for 41. 75%,Ⅱsyphilis 38. 70%,I syphilis 15. 42%,fetal transmission syphilis 2. 36%,and Ⅲsyphilis accounted for 1. 77%. Conclusions The incidence of syphilis were increased in recent 6 years,suggested that intervention for and detection of susceptible populations should be strengthened to control the spead of syphilis effectively to reduce the incidence rate of syphilis.