影响小儿静脉穿刺成功率的因素分析及对策

Infuening factors and measures of evidence-based nursing on the success rate of venipuncture for children

目的了解影响小儿静脉穿刺成功率的因素,并提出相应的护理对策。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷对360例行静脉输液患儿进行调查,了解影响小儿静脉穿刺成功率的因素。结果 360例行静脉穿刺患儿,静脉穿刺不成功率为22.2%(80/360),其主要影响因素为患儿因素(42.1%),操作者因素(29.4%),家长因素(18.1%)和环境因素(10.4%)。结论选择合适的静脉,提高静脉穿刺技巧,营造良好治疗环境和做好心理疏导等对策,对提高小儿静脉穿刺成功率具有积极的作用。

Objective To explore the effect of evidence-based nursing of the success rate of venipuncture for children and summarize the strategies. Method Three hundred and sixty children receiving intravenous therapy were investigated by self-designed questionnaire to explore the influencing factors of success veinpuncture. Results The unsuccessful rate of veinpuncture was 22.2%（88 / 360）. And the main influencing factors included children′ factors which accounted for 42.1%, nurses′ factors which accounted for29.4%, parents′ factors which accounted for 18.1% and environment factors 10.4%. Conclusion The following strategies can be effective in increasing the success rate of veinpuncture, such as choosing the appropriate veins, improving the veinpuncture skills,creating favorable treatment environment and doing psychological nursing well.