医院抗菌药物的不合理应用及不良反应的研究

Research of irrational application and adverse reactions of antibacterial agents in hospital

目的探究医院常用抗菌药物的不合理使用情况以及由此造成的不良反应情况。方法选择住院病例中存在抗菌药物不合理应用的113例患者,对其抗菌药物的不合理应用和不良反应情况进行回顾性分析。结果常用抗菌药物不合理应用的首要表现形式为给药方法不当,占不合理应用整体的23.01%,最少的表现形式为换药频繁,仅占3.54%。在113例抗菌药物不合理应用的患者当中,有84例患者出现明显的不良反应,占整体的74.34%。其中临床上出现不良反应最多的部位为皮肤及软组织,占整体的30.97%,临床上多表现为皮肤瘙痒、皮炎、皮疹等。结论住院患者具有较高的抗菌药物应用率,临床上抗菌药物的不合理应用普遍存在,在治疗过程中往往会有不良反应情况的发生,因此医护人员应切实加强对抗菌药物的合理应用和规范化管理,以进一步提高抗菌药物应用的合理性。

Objective To investigate irrational application of common antibacterial agents in hospital, along with their adverse reactions. Methods A total of 113 patients in hospital with irrational application of antibacterial agents were selected. Their irrational application and adverse reactions were all retrospectively analyzed. Results The primary manifestation of irrational application of common antibacterial agents was inappropriate drug administration way, which accounted for 23.01%. The least manifestation was frequent dressing change, accounting for only 3.54%. Among the 113 patients with irrational application of antibacterial agents, 84 cases of them had obvious adverse reactions, accounting for 74.34%. Adverse reactions mainly occurred in skin and soft tissue, accounting for 30.97%. Clinical manifestations mainly included pruritus, dermatitis, and rash. Conclusion Hospitalized patients have high application rate of antibacterial agents, and clinical irrational application of antibacterial agents is common. Adverse reactions often occur during treatment process. Therefore, medical staff should strengthen rational application and standardized management of antibacterial agents, in order to further improve rationality of antibacterial agents application.