追续权的理论与立法

Theories and Legislations on the Resale Royalties

追续权由法国所首创,旨在保护著作权人从作品后续交易中获得收益的权利。尽管《伯尔尼公约》和《欧盟指引》都对追续权作出规定、目前世界上已经有70多个国家承认追续权,但各国在追续权的用语、权力属性及立法合理性上仍存在分歧。著作权人是针对后续交易本身而获益,还是仅对增值获益,以及获益的计算方法;追续权究属人格权、财产权还是复合性权利;规定追续权是否会对市场的经济效果产生影响,这些方面均存在以两大法系为对立双方的重大分歧。尽管中国著作权法修改草案的三个建议稿中对追续权有所提及,但目前没有正式的追续权立法规定。在中国已经成为全球第二大艺术市场的前提下,对追续权的立法很可能提上日程,因此,对追续权的内容以及所涉及的争议进行梳理有重要意义。

The resale royalties are created by France for the purpose of protecting the author＇s rights to profit by resale of his works. Though the Berne Convention and the European Directive have both prescribed this right and more than 70 countries have recognized such right,there are still controversies over the terms,features of the right and legislative rationale as to the resale royalties. The Civil Law system and Anglo- American Law system have substantial differences such as whether the author benefits from direct resale or from the increased value and what is the method to calculate. Further,whether the resale royalties are defined as personality right,property right or compound right. And whether the resale royalties will influence the economic effects of the market. The amendment draft of the Copyright Law of our country has mentioned the resale royalties in three proposals,yet there are no formal legislative regulations. Since our country has become the second largest art market,legislations on the resale royalties are necessary and urgent. Therefore,it is of vital importance to explore the content of the resale royalties and the pertinent controversies.