情志与意向——中国诗学的审美感悟之三

Emotional Willness and Intention——the Aesthetic Inspiration of Chinese Poetics

"情志"是中国古代诗学中的一个重要范畴,在儒家诗歌理论中占有突出的地位。在以往的文学批评史和美学史研究中,往往把"诗言志"和"诗缘情"析为二途,并对"言志"作了更多的意识形态色彩的阐释。本文以"情志"为一体,另辟途径,借助现象学的意向性理论阐释"情志"的内涵,将情志定位为诗歌创作的动力要素。认为志统辖着诗歌的基本导向,情则是志的发动契机。情志为诗歌确定了一个意向性的统一基调,而在诗歌表象的充盈中注满了动力,使之具有了强烈的艺术感染力。

Emotional wiliness was one of the most significant categories in ancient Chinese poetic studies. It occupied an important position in Confucian poetic theory. In the previous studies on the histories of literary criticism and aesthetics, people tended to differentiate ＂ Poetry expresses one＇ s wiliness＂ from ＂ Poetry originates from one＇ s emotion＂, and to devote greater efforts to interpreting the ideological significance of ＂expressing one＇ s wiliness＂. This article integrates emotion and wiliness as a whole, and creatively borrows the theory of intentionality from phenomenology to explain the connotation of emotional wiliness, and furthermore, posits ＂emotional wiliness＂ as the momentum of poetic composition. The author＇s point of view is that wiliness determines the fundamental direction of poetry whereas emotion serves as the momentum of poetic creation. Emotional wiliness sets a unified intentional tone for poems, instills vigor and vitality into the fullness of poetic images, and furthermore endows poems with strong artistic appealing power.