海洋安全视域下的中国海权战略选择与海军建设

Strategic Choices for China's Sea Power and Navy Buildup: A Maritime Security Perspective

冷战结束后,中国的海权潜力得以开发,同时致力于建设海洋强国。但中国面临比较严峻的海上安全形势,美国的海上霸权、中国与周边国家的海洋权益争端以及海上非传统安全威胁,共同制约着中国的海洋强国建设。目前,对中国海权战略的发展存在三种观点:无足轻重的海权、辅助性海权及主导性海权。结合中国的现实需要和海洋安全形势,无足轻重的海权和辅助性海权不能保障中国的海洋利益,主导性海权才是中国发展海权和建设海洋强国的理想选择。作为海权的核心,中国海军必须实现作战理念、军种战略、编制体制以及作战能力方面的全面转型。

After the Cold War, China has devoted itself to the development of its sea power potential to become a maritime power. However, China is facing severe maritime security challenges, and its sea power development is constrained by the U.S. maritime supremacy, disputes between China and its neighbors over maritime rights and interests, and non-traditional maritime security threats. For the moment, there are three predictions relating to China's sea power strategy development, i.e. irrelevant sea power, supporting sea power, and dominant sea power. In consideration of China's actual demands and maritime security environment, neither irrelevant sea power nor supporting sea power can guarantee China's sea interests. Dominant sea power is the ideal choice for China to develop its sea power to become a maritime power. As the constituent core of China's sea power, the Navy must realize overall transformation in operational concept and capabilities, service strategy, and organizational structures.