小耳畸形患者胸廓畸形的临床初步研究

Preliminary clinical research with thoracic deformities in microtia

目的 探讨小耳畸形患者胸廓畸形的发生情况和特点.方法 收集2013年3月至2014年10月行外耳再造术的小耳畸形患者300例,术前常规行胸部CT扫描和三维重建,回顾性分析其肋骨及脊柱畸形的发病率,应用x2检验分析小耳畸形与肋骨和脊柱畸形的关系.结果 300例小耳患者中合并肋骨畸形78例（26.0％）,合并脊柱畸形26例（8.7％）,同时合并二者畸形17例（5.7％）.Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ度小耳患者肋骨畸形的发病率分别为7.1％ （2/28）、26.7％ （62/232）和35.0％（14/40）,脊柱畸形的发病率分别为3.6％（1/28）、6.5％ （15/232）和25.0％（10/40）.肋骨畸形和脊柱畸形在Ⅲ度小耳患者中的发病率均高于Ⅱ度患者,在Ⅱ度患者中二者畸形的发病率均高于Ⅰ度患者（P＜0.05）.结论 小耳畸形患者中肋骨和脊柱畸形的发病率较高,耳廓发育程度越差者伴发胸廓畸形的几率越大.

Objective To investigate the characteristics and incidence of the thoracic deformities in patients with microtia.Methods In Plastic Surgery Hospital,we conducted a retrospective study of the clinical and radiographical data of 300 patients with microtia from March 2013 to October 2014.Pearson x2 test was used to analyze the relationship among deformities of ribs and spine,as well as microtia.Results A total of 78 （26.0%）patients were documented with rib deformities,26 patients （8.7%）had spinal deformities,and 17 patients （5.7%）had both.The incidence of rib deformities in microtia Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ was 7.1% （2/28）,26.7% （62/232） and 35.0% （14/40） respectively.The incidence of spinal deformities in microtia Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ was 3.6% （1/28）,6.5% （15/232） and 25.0% （10/40） respectively.The patients with microtia Ⅲ were found to have a higher incidence of ribs and spinal deformities than those with microtia Ⅱ,patients with microtia Ⅱ were found to have a higher incidence of ribs and spinal deformities than those with microtia Ⅰ （P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions The incidence of ribs and spinal deformities is high in patients with microtia.The poorer one auricle developed,the higher the incidence of thoracic deformities.