左右半结肠癌差异性研究进展

Research progress on differences between left- and right-sided colon cancers

对不同部位结肠癌的流行病学、临床特征、生物学及治疗预后等方面的差异研究进展进行总结。左、右半结肠癌的发病与性别、年龄有关,在临床特征上也存在显著差异;基因表达、等位缺失及DNA错配修复的差异均影响着左、右半结肠癌的发生、转移和预后;原发灶部位可能是靶向药物的疗效预测因子;而两者的预后亦与分期相关。通过分析左右半结肠癌的差异,为其个体化治疗提供新的思路。

In recent years, the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer have gradually increased in China. This review summarized the differences in pathogenic factors, clinical manifestations, pathological features, gene expression, therapeutic modalities,and other aspects between left- and right-sided colon cancers. Results showed that the onset of both left- and right-sided colon cancers is associated with gender and age. Significant differences existed among the clinical manifestations and pathological features. Differences in gene expression, allelic deletion, and DNA mismatch repair affected the occurrence, metastasis, and prognosis of left- and rightsided colon cancers. Moreover, the location of primary tumor is a potential predictor of targeted drug efficacy. Differences in survival rates are possibly related to TNM stage. Hence, new ideas for individualized treatment should be provided by analyzing the differences between left- and right-sided colon cancers.