“选择性遏制”与美国“重返亚太”——兼论对中国在亚太地区重要海外安全利益的影响

The United States' s Selective Containment Policy and Its“Pivot to Asia"

遏制思想的提出者乔治·凯南认为,中国庞大的人力资源与丰富的自然资源相结合将会构成对美国的直接威胁。因此,他主张对中国的遏制应采用"选择性遏制",即相机抉择使用经济、政治与军事的手段。2009年奥巴马上台后,美国认为其在亚太地区的影响力和主导地位受到中国的空前"挑战",提出"奥巴马主义"与"重返亚太"战略以牵制与遏制中国的发展。但在遏制中国的手段上,美国一改冷战时期以军事遏制为主的"全球性遏制"方式,采用了与凯南遏制思想一脉相承的"选择性遏制"方式。美国"重返亚太"将深深镶嵌进亚太地区经济、政治和安全的有关问题之中,对中国在该地区的重要海外安全利益带来了新的挑战。

Containment strategy presenter George F. Kennan believes that China＇ s rich natural and human resources will pose a direct threat to the United States. In this regard, Kennan pointed out thai the United States should adopt ＂selective containment strategy＂ towards China by using economic, political and military means. Since Obama took office in 2009, the United States believes its influence and dominance in the Asia-Pacific region was ＂challenged＂ by China＇ s development, thus putting up the so-called ＂Obama doctrine＂ and ＂Pivot to Asia＂ strategy. Instead of adopting the ＂globa~ containment strategy＂ based on military forces of the Cold War period, this time the U. S. uses Kennan＇ s selective containment strategy, posing new threats to China＇ s overseas security interests in the Asia-Pacific region .