火筒式加热炉的风险因素及防范对策

RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR FIRE TUBE TYPE HEATER

火筒式加热炉是石油生产过程中广泛使用的加热设备,在运行中最主要的风险是火灾和爆炸,其发生主因是火管烧穿。而燃烧器的状态、加热炉内部管壁结垢情况以及聚合物采出液影响等又是火管烧穿的主要因素。分析了火筒式加热炉存在的潜在事故风险及其原因,并针对其风险提出设置火管高温检测、燃气报警及熄火保护、火嘴漏液保护及其加装污水沉降装置和严格执行操作规程的安全技防对策。

Fire-tube heater is the heating equipment which is widely used in the process of petroleum production. The main risks during the operation are fire and explosion and fire tube burn is the main cause. And the main factors for fire tube burn are the state of the burner,scaling in internal heater and polymer-flooding produced fluids. This paper analyzes fire-tube heater's potential risks for accidents and the reasons. And aiming at the existing risks,it puts forward such countermeasures as setting up high temperature test for fire tube,gas alarm & flame-out protection,fluid leak protection,and installation of wastewater sedimentation devices and strict implementation of operational regulations to ensure safety.