胡萝卜联合收获机拉齐切割装置设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Uniformity Cutting Device of Carrot Harvester

拉齐切割装置是胡萝卜联合收获机的重要工作部件,其性能好坏直接决定了秧苗切口位置是否统一平整,切割是否干净。针对我国胡萝卜主产区的种植模式和农艺要求,研制了一种应用于双行胡萝卜联合收获机上的双圆盘刀式拉齐切割装置,该装置主要由拉齐部件、切割部件和水平夹持输送部件等组成,一次作业可完成胡萝卜的拉齐、切割、抛秧等功能。该装置采用双圆盘刀作为切割部件,切口平整美观,切割效果好;采用挡板作为拉齐部件,挡板的高度及中间缝隙的大小均可调;采用上下两层夹持带作为水平夹持输送部件,能够有效防止胡萝卜秧叶倒伏,有利于后续的切割及抛秧作业。该装置的成功研发解决了机械收获时胡萝卜切口不美观、拉齐效果差以及堵秧的问题,有效提高了胡萝卜联合收获机的收获效果。

Uniformity cutting device is an important component of carrot harvester. Its performance influences the condition of incision position and cutting uniformity directly. According to agronomic requirements and planting patterns of carrots,a double disc uniformity cutting device applied to double-row carrot harvester was designed successfully. This device was mainly composed of uniformity parts,cutting component,horizontal clamping and conveying component and etc. Uniformity,cutting and throwing operation could be completed simultaneously. Double disc cutter as cutting part could insure smooth incision appearance and good cutting effect. Baffle was uniformity component and its height and middle gap size was adjustable. Horizontal clamping conveying unit with upper and lower two layers sandwiched belt,which could effectively prevent carrot seedling leaves falling and be conducive to subsequent cutting and transplanting operation. Successful development of this device solved several problems of carrot mechanical harvest,such as incision was not beautiful,lacy effect was not good and plug seedling. At the same time,this device could effectively improve harvest effect of carrot harvester.