80岁以上住院老人并发深静脉血栓危险因素分析

Risk factors analysis of hospitalized elderly patients complicated with deep vein thrombosis

目的探讨≥80岁住院老人并发深静脉血栓的危险因素。方法回顾性分析住院的≥80岁老人105例,对36例发生深静脉血栓(研究组)与69例未发生深静脉血栓者(对照组)的营养状况(以入院当日血白蛋白值)、血D-二聚体、有无贫血、有无深静脉置管、基础疾病、近期骨折、急性肺部感染、日常生活能力(BI)等进行Logistic回归分析。结果静脉血栓发生部位以左下肢为主,5例患者发生了上肢静脉血栓和颈内静脉血栓;患有糖尿病、近期发生骨折以及患者的BI障碍和D-二聚体升高与深静脉血栓发生有显著相关性(P<0.05)。结论≥80岁住院老人易发生深静脉血栓,血栓发生与患者是否患糖尿病、近期发生骨折、BI障碍及D-二聚体升高有关,上肢静脉血栓和颈内静脉血栓仍与深静脉置管有关,临床上应重视危险因素并采取防范措施,减少深静脉血栓的发生。

Objective To study the risk factors of deep vein thrombosis（ DVT） in the hospitalized elderly patients.Methods 105 elderly people in hospital were retrospectively analyzed. 36 cases of DVT（ research group） and 69 cases without DVT（ control group） were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Results DVT occurred mainly in left leg,and 5 cases of DVT located in upper limb vein and internal jugular vein. Diabetes,recent fracture,activities of daily living and D-dimer level showed significant relationship with the DVT（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusions The hospitalized elderly patients are vulnerable to DVT which are closely related to diabetes,recent fracture,activities of daily living barrier and high D-dimer. Upper limb venous thrombosis and internal jugular vein thrombosin are related with deep venipuncture. In order to prevent DVT,we should pay attention to the risk factors and take proper preventive measures.