先天性缺陷儿不当出生医疗损害鉴定案件成因及对策——附26例分析

Discussion on Reasons and Countermeasures of Medical Malpractice Dispute on Congenital Defect Infant Wrongful Birth——Based on the Study of 26 Cases

目的探讨有效预防先天性缺陷儿不当出生引起的医疗纠纷案件的可行性策略,为防范缺陷儿不当出生医疗风险及医疗损害法医学司法鉴定实践提供参考。方法对26例先天缺陷儿不当出生引起的医疗损害责任纠纷案例进行回顾性分析,归纳先天性缺陷儿不当出生引起医疗纠纷案件的构成、鉴定意见、医疗过错特点及纠纷发生的成因。结果大龄或高龄孕妇、农民或外来务工人员以及基层医疗机构易发生此类医疗纠纷案件,以新生儿严重缺陷多见。结论加强宣传教育、完善医疗保障制度、提高产前保健人员专业技术水平、完善风险告知制度以及发挥社会舆论的正确导向作用是预防此类医疗纠纷发生的有效途径。

Objective To study the feasible strategies of preventing the medical risks of wrongful birth of defect infant and provide reference for the forensic expertise of medical malpractice disputes. Method 26 medical dispute cases of congenital defect infant wrongful birth were selected to analyze the constitute elements, examination process, characteristics and reasons of these medical disputes. Results Disputes were prone to arise among the pregnant women of older age, farmers and migrant workers, or in grassroots medical institutions. And they were mainly caused by the serious defects in the newborn. Conclusion To strengthen the publicity and education, improve the medical security system, the technical level of professional personnel and the risk informed system, and guide the public opinion correctly, are the effective approaches to prevent these medical disputes.