晚清学人的“尚武”思想探讨

The Scholars' "Martial Spirit" in the Late Qing Dynasty

以往对晚清的尚武思想研究,过于注重其与狭义的尚武形式、尚武精神的联系,而忽略其更广阔的内涵。该文从日本影响出发,探讨晚清学人的"尚武"思想、暴力启蒙,其表现为从"厉国强兵"着眼,强调国民素质建设,鼓吹尚武精神;从政体变革着眼,倡导暴力革命原则;从颠覆传统着眼,鼓吹杀人时髦、杀人兴邦的怪论;并且指出晚清学人"尚武"思想的后世影响。

In the past study of “martial spirit” in the late Qing Dynasty, scholars have paid too much attention to its relationship with the the narrow meaning of martial form and spirit but they have overlooked its more extensive connotation. Starting from the influence of Japan, this paper discusses the thought of “martial spirit” and violent enlightenment, which reflects as “strengthening the country and the army”, emphasis on the caliber construction of citizens and propaganda of martial spirit; as for the change of regime, they advocate violent revolution; as for subverting tradition, they preach the bizarre theory of killing to boom the country. Meanwhile, this paper points out the impact of the scholars＇ “martial spirit” in the late Qing Dynasty on later generations.