工程学习:模式变迁与理论阐释

Engineering Learning:Pattern Reforming and Theoretical Explanation

伴随着工程实践的发展,工程学习经历了"学徒模式"、"传播模式"和"反思模式"。笔者吸收并借鉴情境主义发展理论的观点及思想,提出了"共同体模式",即学习者置身于真实的工程环境中,在工程实践共同体中实现知识获取、能力发展以及身份建构。"共同体模式"不仅注重学习者之间的平等性,而且兼顾了个体反思与社会互动。

With the development of engineering practice, engineering learning has experienced patterns from ＂apprentice pattern＂, ＂propagation pattern＂ to ＂reflective pattern＂. Absorbing and drawing lessons from the viewpoint and thought of the Situationist Theory of Development, the paper puts forward ＂community pattern＂ where the learner acquires knowledge, develops competence and constructs iden- tity in a real engineering environment. The ＂community pattern＂ not only pays attention to the equali- ty among learners, but also gives consideration to the individual reflection and social interaction at the same time.