新疆融雪型灾害对沿河路基局部冲刷深度计算

Local Scour Depth Calculation of Roadbed along River Causing by Snowmelt Disasters in Xinjiang

以新疆山区小流域为研究对象,在正确估算最大融雪径流量的基础上,对沿河路基结构物在纵横水流交汇处附近的水流特征、冲刷机理及冲刷深度和范围的影响因素进行了分析;通过室内模型试验,得到了单个影响因素与路基边坡坡底冲刷深度的关系图,对纵、横两个方向的不同流量、流速和河流水深、山坡坡度、路基边坡、路基宽度和泥沙粒径等条件下沿河路基的冲刷进行了试验模拟,并根据试验结果,建立了沿河路基在纵横水流交汇处最大冲刷深度的计算公式,验证其有效性。

Xinjiang mountain watershed was taken as the object of the research.On the foundation of exactly estimating the max snowflow discharge,the influence factors of structures along the river embankment in the aspect of water flow characteristics,scour mechanism and scour depth and scope near the junction were analyzed.Indoor lab experiments were carried out to simulate the scour.Firstly,the relationship between each influence factor and the slop erosion depth was found out.Then the slop erosion under different flow quantity,flow rate,water depth,hill slop gradients,side slope gradient,subgrade depth and sand particle size were simulated.Finally the maximum erosion depth was gained by the above lab results and theoretical analysis,and its validity was checked.