儿童变应性鼻炎皮下免疫治疗和舌下免疫治疗的依从性分析

Compliance of Subcutaneous Immunotherapy and Sublingual Immunotherapy in Children with Allergic Rhinitis

目的探讨变应性鼻炎(AR)患儿进行皮下免疫治疗(SCIT)和舌下免疫治疗(SLIT)的依从性。方法收集2014年1月至2014年6月于我院进行ASIT治疗的AR患儿68例,其中37例患儿采用皮下免疫治疗,31例患儿采用舌下免疫治疗,比较两种治疗方法下患儿的依从性,并调查不依从的原因。结果 AR患儿皮下免疫治疗依从性为86.49%,显著高于舌下免疫治疗的29.03%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患儿皮下免疫治疗不依从的原因:出现不良反应2例,无疗效2例;患儿舌下免疫治疗不依从原因:自觉无效9例,不良反应6例,3例对免疫治疗认识不足,费用贵2例,使用麻烦1例,发现其他疾病1例。结论儿童变应性鼻炎皮下免疫治疗依从性高于舌下免疫治疗,影响依从性的主要因素是疗效和不良反应。

Objective To study the compliance of subcutaneous immunotherapy（SCIT） and sublingual immunotherapy（SLIT） in children with allergic rhinitis（AR）. Methods 68 cases of AR children treated with ASIT in our hospital from January 2014 to June 2014 were collected, 37 AR children received subcutaneous immunotherapy, 31 AR children received sublingual immunotherapy. The compliance was compared, and the reasons of non-compliance were investigated. Results The compliance rates of AR children treated with SCIT and SLIT were 86.49% and 29.03%, the difference was statistical（P〈0.05）. The reasons of non-compliance in SCIT children were adverse reactions（2 cases） and inefficacy（2 cases）, the reasons in SLIT children were inefficacy（9 cases）, adverse reactions（6 cases）, insufficient recognition（3 cases）, high costs（2 cases）, inconvenience（1 case） and other disease（1 case）. Conclusions The compliance of SCIT is higher than that of SLIT in the treatment of AR children. The main factors to influence the compliance are efficacy and adverse reactions.