强化护理干预对颅脑手术后昏迷患者双下肢深静脉血栓形成的护理效果

Effect of Intensive Nursing Intervention on the Lower Limbs Deep Vein Thrombosis in Comatose Patients After Craniocerebral Operation

目的探讨强化护理干预对颅脑手术后昏迷患者双下肢深静脉血栓形成护理效果。方法选取2012年3月至2014年11月我院收治的颅脑手术后昏迷患者84例为研究对象,随机分为干预组和常规组,每组42例。常规组采用常规方法护理,干预组在此基础上采用强化护理干预。观察两组患者下肢静脉血栓、下肢肿胀、肺栓塞发生率,记录两组腘静脉和股静脉的血流速度,并比较两组的护理满意度。结果干预组下肢静脉血栓和下肢肿胀发生率分别为2.38%、4.76%,明显低于常规组的16.67%和21.43%;干预组腘静脉及股静脉血液流速分别为(19.8±2.1)cm/s、(26.9±2.9)cm/s,明显高于常规组的(14.2±1.8)cm/s、(19.2±2.4)cm/s;干预组家属满意度明显高于常规组(95.24%vs 73.81%),差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论强化护理干预应用于颅脑手术后昏迷患者可有效降低双下肢静脉血栓形成率,提高腘静脉和股静脉血液流速,提高患者家属满意度。

Objective To investigate the effect of intensive nursing intervention on lower limbs deep vein thrombosis in comatose patients after craniocerebral operation. Methods 84 cases of comatose patients implemented craniocerebral operation in our hospital from March 2013 to November 2014 were selected as research subjects. All patients were randomly divided into intervention group and conventional group, with 42 cases in each group. The conventional group was given routine nursing, the intervention group was given intensive nursing intervention on the basis of routine nursing. The incidence of lower limbs vein thrombosis, lower limbs swelling and pulmonary embolism of two groups were observed, the blood flow of popliteal vein and femoral vein were recorded, the nursing satisfaction of two groups were compared. Results The incidence of lower limbs vein thrombosis and lower limbs swelling of intervention group were2.38%, 4.76% respectively, significantly lower than 16.67%, 21.43% of conventional group; the blood flow of popliteal vein and femoral vein of intervention group were（19.8 ± 2.1） cm/s and（26.9 ± 2.9） cm/s respectively, significantly higher than（14.2 ± 1.8） cm/s,（19.2 ± 2.4）cm/s of conventional group; the nursing satisfaction of intervention group was 95.24%, significantly higher than 73.81% of conventional group; all the difference was statistical（P〈0.05）. Conclusions The application of intensive nursing intervention in comatose patients after brain surgery can effectively reduce the incidence of lower extremity venous thrombosis, improve the blood flow of popliteal vein and femoral vein, and increase the nursing satisfaction of families.