西安市儿童呼吸道病毒感染谱分析

Viral etiology of children's respiratory tract viral infection in Xi'an City

目的了解陕西省西安市儿童呼吸道病毒感染情况,获得病毒病原谱,分析其流行规律。方法采集西安市儿童医院及解放军第323医院儿内科呼吸道感染患儿的咽拭子标本682份,利用多重聚合酶链反应方法进行16种呼吸道病毒的检测。结果 682份标本中检出阳性237份,阳性率为34.75%;检出病毒共266份,病毒检出率为39.00%;病毒混合感染29例,占12.24%（29/237）。其中呼吸道合胞病毒和流感病毒所占比例最高,均为30.08%,其次为腺病毒和副流感病毒。0-6个月患儿的病毒检出率最高,主要为呼吸道合胞病毒。下呼吸道病毒检出率高于上呼吸道。结论呼吸道合胞病毒和流感病毒是陕西西安地区儿童呼吸道病毒感染的主要病原,各病毒在不同年龄段、不同季节及不同的临床症状的检出率均有差别。这对于临床诊疗可以提供一些有利的帮助,使用适当的抗病毒药物,防止临床上抗生素的滥用。

Objective To understand the situation of children respiratory tract virus infection in Xi＇an Shanxi Province,to obtain the virus pathogens,and to analyze the epidemic features.Methods 682 throat swab specimens were collected from Xi＇an 323 Hospital and Xi＇an Children Hospital,and 16 types of respiratory virus were detected by using the multiplex PCR method.Results In 682 samples,237 samples were positive,the positive rate was 34.75%; viruses were detected as 266 samples,virus detection rate was 39.00%; 29 cases of combined virus infections accounted for 12.24%（29 /237）.The respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus constitute the highest,both was 30.08%,followed by adenovirus and parainfluenza virus.The virus detection rate of children in 0-6 months was the highest,mainly was respiratory syncytial virus.Lower respiratory tract virus detection rate was higher than that of the upper respiratory tract.Conclusions Respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus are the major pathogens of children respiratory tract virus infection with variations in different ages,seasons and clinical symptoms.It can provide some beneficial help for earlier diagnosis and better treatment,using the appropriate antiviral drugs,and preventing the abuse of antibiotics clinically.