安全视角下我国校车集约运营模式探讨

Intensive Operation Mode of School Bus in China Based on Safety Perspective

当前我国校车服务尚处于粗放式运营阶段,还存在运营效率低、国家财政投入缺口大、安全事故频出、服务满意度差等问题。鉴于此,基于安全的视角,借鉴运输规模经济理论与企业集约化经营理论,提出校车集约运营模式,与当前校车运营模式相比,其具有成本投入少、服务标准化程度高、政府易监管、有利于缓解学校周边交通拥堵、有利培养学生公平意识、绿色环保等优势。进而提出了校车集约运营的5类模式:校车专营模式,城市公交模式,农村县际、乡际、村际班车模式,拼车模式,混合模式,系统阐述了5类模式的集约方法,最后在政策层面、技术层面就如何在我国推广校车集约运营提出了相应的对策。

School bus service is still in the stage of extensive operations in China, which has the prob- lems such as low operating efficiency, weak national finance investment, more security incidents, poor service satisfaction, and so on. Given this, based on the safety perspective, the transportation scale econo- my theory and the enterprise intensive management theory, the intensive operation mode of school bus was put forward, which held the advantages of low costs, high degree of service standardization, and which also will be conducive to government regulation, reduce traffic congestion around schools, cultivate the students＇ consciousness of fair, as well as environmental protection. And then, the five intensive oper- ation modes of school bus were presented, which included bus exclusive mode, urban public transport mode, the county, rural, village bus mode in rural, carpooling mode, and mixed mode. And the intensive methods of above five modes were elaborated. Finally, corresponding countermeasures were suggested on how to promote the intensive operation of school bus in China at the policy level and the technical level.