青年缺血性脑卒中相关危险因素的探讨

The related risk factors of ischemic stroke in youth

目的 探讨青年缺血性脑卒中（Ischemic stroke,IS）患者发病的常见相关危险因素,早期对症治疗,并降低死亡率与致残率.方法 将139例青年IS患者按年龄分为两组,青年Ⅰ组46例18～34岁的青年脑梗死患者;青年Ⅱ组93例35～45岁的青年脑梗死患者;对危险因素进行回顾性分析.结果 青年Ⅱ组EH、HLP、DM、吸烟、饮酒等危险因素明显高于青年Ⅰ组（P＜0.05）,而青年Ⅱ组心脏疾患、血管狭窄及畸形、血管炎、高同型半胱氨酸血症的比例明显低于青年Ⅰ组（P＜0.05）,两组的脑卒中史及脑卒中家族史之间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 青年IS的常见危险因素有EH、HLP、DM、心脏疾患、血管炎、HHE、吸烟等;其不同年龄段其病因及危险因素仍有不同的特点,脂肪代谢异常和EH是容易导致青年IS的主要原因.

Objective To investigate common risk factors of stroke ischemic （IS） in youth patients,and to reduce the mortality and disability rate.Methods 139 young patients with IS were divided into two groups according to age,46 cases in youth group Ⅰ were 18-34 years old,93 cases in youth group Ⅱ were 35-45 years old.Retrospectively analyzed risk factors.Results The rates of risk factors such as EH,HLP,DM,smoking,drinking in youth group Ⅱ were significantly higher than those in young group Ⅰ （P＜0.05）,and the rates of heart disease,vascular stenosis and deformity,vasculitis,hyperhomocysteinemia in youth group Ⅱ were significantly lower than those in young group Ⅰ （P＜0.05）.There were no statistically significant differences in the rates of stroke history and family history of stroke between two groups （P＞0.05）.Conclusions Common risk factors of ischemic stroke in youth include EH,HLP,DM,heart disease,vasculitis,HHE,smoking.The etiology and risk factors for different age still have different characteristics.Abnormal lipid metabolism and EH are main causes of ischemic stroke in youth.