不同施肥方式对强筋小麦新麦26产量的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizing Methods on the Yield of High-gluten Wheat Cultivar Xinmai 26

[目的]探讨强筋小麦的最优施肥方式。[方法]以强筋小麦品种新麦26为试验材料,研究不同施肥方式对其群体动态、株高、穗部性状、产量及其构成因素的影响。[结果]随着施肥量的增加,新麦26的冬前群体、最高群体及成穗数均呈增多趋势,而千粒重呈降低趋势。籽粒产量和穗粒数随着施肥量的增加呈现"低-高-低"的变化趋势,而增施有机肥对增加新麦26的产量有利。结合秸秆还田,采用平衡施肥方式(N 247.5 kg/hm2、P2O5105 kg/hm2、K2O 247.5 kg/hm2)并增施有机肥(精制鸡粪1 500 kg/hm2),既能提高新麦26的产量,又有利于土壤培肥,是最优施肥方式。[结论]该研究可为强筋小麦品种的推广和优化施肥提供技术支撑。

[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the optimum fertilizing method of high-gluten wheat cultivar. [Method] Taking highgluten wheat cultivar Xinmai 26 as test materials,the effects of different fertilizing methods on the population dynamic,plant height,spike characteristics,yield and its components were studied. [Result] With the increasing of fertilization amount,the population before winter,the maximum population and ear number of Xinmai26 showed increasing trends,but 1 000-grain weight showed the decreasing trend. The grain yield and grain number per ear showed the trends of decreasing-increasing-decreasing. Adding organic fertilizer was beneficial to increase the yield of Xinmai26. The optimum fertilizing method was taking the balanced fertilization method（ N 247. 5 kg / hm^2,P2O5105. 0 kg / hm^2,K2O247. 5 / hm^2） and increasing manure（ 1 500 kg/hm^2 refined chicken manure）,combined with returning straw to filed. This fertilization method could not only improve the yield of Xinmai 26,but it was also beneficial to improve the soil fertility. [Conclusion]This research could provide technical support for the extension of high-gluten wheat cultivar and optimizing the fertilization method.