语法隐喻的图形-背景理论分析

Analysis of Grammatical Metaphor Based on Figure-Ground Theory

关于隐喻的研究源远流长,可以追溯到古希腊时期。韩礼德对隐喻现象也非常感兴趣且作了细致地研究,率先提出了语法隐喻。语法隐喻包括概念隐喻和人际隐喻。概念隐喻和人际隐喻都涉及到了级转移现象:概念隐喻在词汇语法层和语义层上的转移向度体现了自上而下的特点,而人际隐喻在词汇语法层和语义层上的转移是自下而上的规律。为了更好地阐明和解读语法隐喻的价值,从认知语言学的角度出发,基于其中的图形-背景理论来分析功能语言学中的语法隐喻,以期揭示语法隐喻的认知特点。

The research on the metaphor enjoys a long history,which can trace back to the ancient Greek.Halliday is very keen on it and he studied metaphor meticulously and firstly put forward grammatical metaphor which includes the ideational metaphor and interpersonal metaphor.Both of them are involved in the phenomenon of rank-shifting：The former one represents the top-down rank shifting between lexical-grammatical level and semantic level but the latter one displays the opposite direction in terms of rank shifting.In order to elaborate on and interpret the value of grammatical metaphor,the inter-field research is made to interpret it based on the figure-ground theory in cognitive linguistics,in hope of revealing the cognitive features of grammatical metaphor.