侧耳属种间杂交选育白色高产菌株

Selection of New White Pleurotus Strains Derived by Hybridisation of Single Spore Isolates from Pleurotus cornucopiae and P.ostreatus

以白黄侧耳(Pleurotus cornucopiae)菌株姬菇258和糙皮侧耳(P.ostreatus)菌株青平1号为亲本,单孢杂交,选育出两株白色优质高产姬菇新菌株28号和41号菌株。28号和41号菌株的出菇单产较生产上主栽菌株西德33(对照)增产19.2%和19.1%;28号和41号菌株商品菇比例(88.6%和85.6%)高于对照西德33(71.8%),即菇体商品性优于对照;综合体现出了亲本菌株姬菇258的优质丰产性和亲本青平1号的白色菌盖菇体特征。拮抗试验和ISSR标记试验表明,28号和41号菌株与亲本具有遗传差异,即为不同于亲本的新菌株。研究认为,28号和41号菌株具有"姬菇"的典型商品性特征,是2株优质高产的白色姬菇新菌株,可做进一步的中间试验和示范栽培。

Two new Pleurotus strains, No. 28 and No. 41, were derived by hybridization between single spore isolates from parental strains Jigu 258 （Pleurotus cornucopiae） and Qingping 1 （P. ostreatus） and selected on the basis of fruit body color, fresh weight yields and morphological characteristics. Cultivation tests revealed that fruit body yields of hybrids 28 and 41 were 19.6% and 19.05% higher, respectively than those obtained with the standard strain （Xi de No. 33）, and fruit body commodity rates were 88.46% （hybrid 28） and 85.55% （hybrid 41） compared with 71.76% for Xi de No. 33. Our data confirmed that the marketability of the hybrid strains, which produced high yields of fruit bodies with good morphological characteristics （from parental strain Jigu 258） and white pilei （from parental strain Qingping 1）, was superior to Xi de No. 33. Antagonistic tests and PCR using ISSR markers revealed clear genetic diversity among the hybrid and parental strains, demonstrating that the former were suitable for future breeding programs.