食用菌寄主和温度对厉眼蕈蚊生长发育的影响

Duration of Developmental Stages of Lycoriella ingenua Reared on Different Mushroom Mycelia at Different Temperatures

在15、20、25、30℃下，采用平板菌丝法测定厉眼蕈蚊（Lycoriella ingenua）取食双孢蘑菇（Agaricusbisporus）、糙皮侧耳（Pleurotus ostreatus）、毛木耳（Auricularia polytricha）、柱状田头菇（Agrocybe cylindracea）和金针菇（Flammulina velutipes）菌丝的发育历期，分析环境温度和寄主对厉眼蕈蚊各虫态生长发育的影响。结果表明，温度和食用菌寄主对厉眼蕈蚊生长发育厉期存在显著影响。在5～25℃范围内，随着温度的升高，厉眼蕈蚊的发育总历期缩短，但在30℃发育缓慢，历期延长。25℃为该虫生长发育的最适宜温度。所有供试温度梯度下，取食毛木耳的发育历期均大于30d，其次为取食双孢蘑菇的，取食金针菇和糙皮侧耳的较短。取食不同食用菌的厉眼蕈蚊在其各虫态的发育起始温度和有效积温上差别较大，取食毛木耳的厉眼蕈蚊需要更高的发育起始温度和积温积累。

The duration of the egg, larval and pupal developmental stages of Lycoriella ingenua reared on mycelia of five edible fungi （ Agaricus bisporus , Pleurotus ostreatus , Auricularia polytricha , Agrocybe cylindracea and Flammulina velutipes） under four different temperature regimes （15, 20, 25 and 30 ℃ ） were determined. In all cases, the time required for full development was shortest at 25 ℃ although the duration times of individual stages were occasionally shorter at 20 ℃. At any given temperature, the duration of the combined developmental stages was longest when L. ingenua was reared on A. polytricha mycelium and shortest on F. velutipes mycelium. Significant differences were observed in the developmental threshold and effective accumulation temperatures for L. ingenua reared on the different fungal mycelia, with highest values recorded for A. polytricha.