广东养禽场动物卫生状况调查报告

Investigation on Animal Health Status in Poultry Farms in Guangdong

为了解广东不同类别、不同规模养禽场的动物卫生状况,探讨动物疫病发生与动物卫生状况的关系。采用问卷调查方式对广东722个养禽场进行调查,并对477份有效调查问卷进行统计分析。不同类别养禽场的发病率差异显著,其中肉禽场(7.39%)>蛋禽场(4.53%)>种禽场(3.17%);不同养殖规模的发病率差异显著,养殖规模在5 000只以下养禽场的发病率(7.72%)>养殖规模在5 000只以上养禽场的发病率(5.81%);有自动给料设施养禽场的发病率(3.17%)显著低于人工投料的场(6.86%);有专职兽医养禽场的发病率(5.97%)显著低于没有专职兽医的场(6.61%)。结果表明,动物卫生状况与养禽场类别、养殖规模有关,但与家禽种类无关;生产区和生活区分开,车辆进入场区前有冲洗消毒等生物安全措施,有自动给料设施、有专职兽医等饲养管理措施是动物卫生状况良好的保护性因素。

To learn about the animal health status in different category and different scale poultry farms and master the relationship between animal health status and animal epidemics.Questionnaire survey was carried out in 722 poultry farms in Guangdong province and 422 questionnaires were valid for statistical analysis.Significant difference was found in the morbidity of different category poultry farms. The morbidity in meat poultry farms（7.39%）was the highest, the morbidity in egg poultry farms（4.53%） was the middle and the morbidity in breeding poultry farms（3.17%） was the lowest. Significant difference also was found in the morbidity in different scale farms. The morbidity in farms breeding less than 5 000 chickens（7.72%）was significantly higher than that in farms breeding more than 5000 chickens（5.81%）. The morbidity in farms without automatic feeding facilities（6.86%） was significantly higher than that in farms with automatic feeding facilities （3.17% ）. The morbidity in farms without full-time veterinarians （6.61%） was significantly higher than that in farms with full-time veterinarians（5.97%）. The results showed that animal health status was relevant with the farm＇s category and the farm＇s scale, but had nothing to do with poultry species. Biosecurity measures including wash water disinfection ofvechilces before entering the farms, the separation between the production area and the living area, and management measures including automatic feeding facilities, full-time veterinarians are all the protective factors for animal health.