复垦矿区景观格局指数的粒度效应研究

Effects of Spatial Grain Size on Landscape Pattern in Reclaimed Mining Area

以徐州市九里矿区复垦前（2000年）后（2013年）1∶1万的矿区土地利用数据为数据源,采用基于GIS的景观格局分析方法,研究了九里矿区复垦前后17个景观格局指数在10~300m范围内的粒度效应,并对复垦前后景观格局指数的变化规律、拟合函数、变异系数和最佳景观粒度范围进行了分析。结果表明：17个景观指数随着景观粒度的增加呈现出：逐渐降低型、逐步增加型、局部尺度效应型和随机变化型共4种变化类型,其中,10个景观指数随景观粒度的变化趋势可以用不同的函数模型进行拟合（R^2〉0.94）。从复垦前后景观格局指数的变化来看,复垦前后景观格局指数的变化趋势基本趋于一致,但拟合函数和变异系数均有一定的变化,如拟合函数不一致,变异系数降低等;适宜徐州九里矿区1∶1万土地利用数据进行景观指数分析的最佳景观粒度范围为20~40m。

The grain effect of 17 landscape indices and the change characteristics, fitting functions, variation coefficient and the optimal grain size range of landscape indices with a scale 10~300 m were analyzed using GIS and method of landscape ecology based on the land use data of Jiuli coal mining area, Xuzhou at 1 ： 10 000 scale from 2000（before reclamation） to 2013（after reclamation）. The results showed that the grain effects had 5 types, such as gradually decreasing, gradually increasing, part scale effect type and randomly changing with increasing grain, and the trend of 10 landscape pattern indices could be simulated by different function models（R^2〉0.94）. The trend of the landscape pattern indices was uniform in pre and post reclama- tion, while the fitting functions and variation coefficient changed a bit, such as inconsistent of fitting functions and decreasing of variation coefficient. The range of 20 ~ 40 meters was selected as the optimal landscape granularity suit to landscape index analysis in Jiuli coal mining area, Xuzhou at 1 ： 10 000 scale.